An adenoma is a malignant tumor that develops from the glands. It can develop in different organs. Intestinal adenocarcinoma is the most common type of malignancy in this region of the body.
When the tumor is localized and confined to only the last part of the rectum, treatment for bowel cancer caused by adenocarcinoma usually includes radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and often surgery.
According to oncologist Renata Dalpino, an oncologist specializing in gastrointestinal tumors at the Centro Paulista de Oncologia. Each case is specific, but if the diagnosis is made on time, the chances of a cure are good. It all depends on what stage the tumor has reached.
The incidence of colorectal cancer is increasing, with a higher incidence of this type of cancer in younger patients, under 50 years of age, mainly obese and overweight. In women, it ranks second in incidence, only surpassed by breast cancer. In men, it leaves third place, hitherto lost due to prostate and lung cancer, and moves to second.
Data from the National Cancer Institute (Inca) estimate that in 2023 there will be 45,630 new cases of the disease in Brazil, of which 23,660 will be in women and 21,970 in men. According to DATASUS, from January to November 2022 there were 88,824 cases and 6,783 deaths. The Southeast region has registered almost half of the cases: 40,433.
The main symptoms are difficulty in having a bowel movement, the appearance of blood in the stool, which may become more liquid, and a change in bowel habits, i.e. constipation or diarrhoea, and pain when having a bowel movement or when sitting down. The risks of complications are profuse bleeding, which is infrequent, or embolism, which can lead to emergency surgery.
The diagnosis is confirmed by a colonoscopy, where a biopsy is taken and then other tests are done to make sure the cancer has not spread to other parts of the body.
